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Tier 3 of the RTI Model
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Tier 3 of the RTI Model
Problem Solving Through a Case Study Approach

Edited by:
  • Sawyer Hunley - University of Dayton, USA
  • Kathy McNamara - Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, Cleveland State University, USA

Other Titles in:
At-Risk | RTI | School Counseling

July 2012 | 248 pages | Corwin
'This book offers critical, practical, coherent, comprehensive, and research-based information for schools and districts implementing an RTI framework of intervention. It maps a seamless process of support that enables school psychologists and school teams to provide tiered interventions to increase student achievement' - Jane Wagmeister, Director of Curriculum, Instruction, and Continuous Improvement, RTI Co-Chair Task Force

Ventura County Office of Education

Identify students' learning needs and make appropriate decisions regarding instruction and intervention!

Response to Intervention (RTI) is a three-tiered framework that helps all students by providing targeted interventions at increasing levels of intensity. This detailed guide to tier 3 of the RTI model provides school psychologists and RTI teams with a case study approach to conducting intensive, comprehensive student evaluations.

With step-by-step guidelines for primary and secondary education, this resource demonstrates how to develop a specific case study for students who are struggling in the general classroom. Focusing exclusively on the third tier, the book:

- Provides guidance on problem identification and analysis, progress monitoring, selection of research-based interventions, and evaluation of case study outcomes

- Addresses both academic and behavioural challenges, including mental health issues

- Shows how school psychologists can collaborate with other members of the RTI team

- Provides tools for assessment and for tracking progress

Tier 3 of the RTI Model guides school psychologists through the involved, in-depth process of building a case study that identifies student needs and helps educators determine the best way to educate students with learning challenges.

 
Preface
 
Acknowledgments
 
About the Authors
 
1. Introduction to RTI and the Case Study Model
Context and History

 
The Response to Intervention Process

 
The Case Study Model and Prereferral Intervention

 
Summary

 
 
2. Assessment Principles and Practices
Assessment Methods

 
Assessment at Tier 1

 
Assessment at Tier 2

 
Assessing Behavior

 
Summary

 
 
3. Facilitating Response to Intervention in Schools
School Psychologist as Systems Change Agent

 
Evaluating the System

 
Goal Setting

 
RTI Implementation

 
Summary

 
 
4. Problem Identification
Tier 1

 
Tier 2

 
Tier 3

 
Behavioral Definition of the Problem

 
Problem Certification: Establishing the Severity of the Discrepancy Between Actual and Expected Performance

 
Formulating Intervention Goals

 
Planning Data-Collection Activities for Baseline Measurement and Progress Monitoring

 
Assessment of Factors Related to the Problem

 
Summary

 
 
5. Problem Analysis
Generating Hypotheses

 
Primary and Secondary Dependent Variables

 
Types of Hypotheses

 
Intervention Selection

 
Hypothesis Testing

 
Summary

 
 
6. Single-Case Design
Single-Case Design and Hypothesis Testing

 
Single-Case Design and Progress Monitoring

 
Choosing a Single-Case Design

 
Summary

 
 
7. Intervention
Selecting Research-Based Interventions

 
Intervention Integrity

 
Linking Interventions to Hypotheses

 
Characteristics of Effective Academic Interventions

 
Characteristics of Effective Behavioral Interventions

 
Targets of Intervention

 
Summary

 
 
8. Evaluating Case Study Outcomes
Visual Analysis

 
Conducting Visual Analyses

 
Magnitude of Change

 
Choosing, Calculating, and Interpreting Effect Sizes

 
Quality of the Outcome: Goal-Attainment Scaling

 
Choosing Evaluation Methods and Judging Outcomes

 
Summary

 
 
9. Using the Case Study to Determine Special Education Eligibility
Disability Versus Eligibility Determination

 
Responsiveness Versus Resistance

 
Using Case Study Information for Special Education Eligibility Determination

 
RTI and Specific Learning Disabilities

 
Decision Making in Eligibility Determination

 
Technical Adequacy of Decision-Making Practices

 
Eligibility Decisions

 
Summary

 
 
10. Program Evaluation
Case Study Structure

 
Case Study Rubric

 
Case Study: Morgan

 
Case Study: Reggie

 
Evaluation of School Psychology Services and Programs

 
Case Study Fidelity

 
Intervention Integrity

 
Magnitude of Change

 
Goal-Attainment Scaling

 
Summary

 
 
References
 
Index

“This book provides a timely and crucial resource for school psychologists who seek to use best practices in responsive intervention. It shows each step of tier 3 case study methods and how they relate to all other aspects of RTI.”

Rachel Brown, Associate Professor and Program Coordinator
University of Southern Maine

“This book offers critical, practical, coherent, comprehensive, and research-based information for schools and districts implementing an RTI framework of intervention. It maps a seamless process of support that enables school psychologists and school teams to provide tiered interventions to increase student achievement.”

Jane Wagmeister, Director of Curriculum, Instruction, and Continuous Improvement, RTI Co-Chair Task Force
Ventura County Office of Education

“This is a GREAT book. Comprehensive, easy to understand for psychologists. Great attitude about the process—positive, helpful.”

Gloria Avolio DePaul, School Counselor
Hillsborough County School District, Tampa, FL

"The case studies are relevant and incorporate the key elements of collaborative problem solving, data-based decision making, logical linkage between the stages, and fidelity of case study procedures. This is an excellent resource for educators. Highly Recommended."

C. Grissom
CHOICE magazine, November 2010 (Vol. 48 No. 03)

Sample Materials & Chapters

Hunley_Tier_3_Preface

Hunley_Tier_3_Chapter_1


Sawyer Hunley

Sawyer Hunley is an associate professor, the coordinator of the School Psychology Program, and a Learning Teaching Fellow at the University of Dayton. She is chair of the National Certification Board for the National Association of School Psychologists, and was instrumental in revising the procedure for obtaining the National Credential of School Psychologists (NCSP). Hunley has served as a member of the Program Approval Board for the National Association of School Psychologists, and has participated in the writing of the last three revisions of the NASP Standards. Her professional and research interests include systems change for K-12 and... More About Author

Kathleen M. McNamara

Kathy McNamara is a professor of psychology at Cleveland State University, where she directs the School Psychology Specialist degree program. She currently serves as chair of the Ethics and Professional Practices Committee of the National Association of School Psychologists, and has been active in the leadership of the Ohio School Psychologists Association since 1984. She has published chapters on social competence and professional ethics in the NASP Best Practices series. McNamara’s research focuses on intervention-based school psychological services, and her work in this area has been published in The School Psychology Review, the... More About Author

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ISBN: 9781412953313
$41.95

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