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Crime Analysis with Crime Mapping
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Crime Analysis with Crime Mapping

Fourth Edition


488 pages | SAGE Publications, Inc

Crime Analysis With Crime Mapping, Fourth Edition provides students and practitioners with a solid foundation for understanding the conceptual nature and practice of crime analysis to assist police in preventing and reducing crime and disorder. Author Rachel Boba Santos offers an in-depth description of this emerging field, as well as guidelines and techniques for conducting crime analysis supported by evidence-based research, real world application, and recent innovations in the field. As the only introductory core text for crime analysis, this must-have resource presents readers with opportunities to apply theory, research methods, and statistics to careers that support and enhance the effectiveness of modern policing.

 
Preface
 
About the Author
 
PART I: FOUNDATIONS OF CRIME ANALYSIS
 
Chapter 1: Crime Analysis and the Profession
Definition of Crime Analysis

 
Definitions of GIS and Crime Mapping

 
History of Crime Analysis

 
History of Crime Mapping

 
Research on Crime Analysis and Crime Mapping: 2000 to Present

 
Crime Analysis as a Career Track

 
Developing and Improving a Crime Analysis Unit

 
Crime Analysis Profiles

 
Challenges and the Future of Crime Analysis

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 2: Theoretical Foundations of Crime Analysis
Environmental Criminology

 
Law of Crime Concentration

 
Repeat Victimization, Near Repeats, and the 80/20 Rule

 
Situational Crime Prevention

 
Displacement and Diffusion of Benefits

 
Opportunity

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 3: Evidence-Based Policing and the Role of Crime Analysis
Research on Crime Analysis and Crime Reduction

 
Stratified Policing: Framework for Crime Analysis

 
Conclusion

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
PART II: CRIME ANALYSIS PROCESS, DATA, AND PURPOSE
 
Chapter 4: Crime Analysis Process and Application
The Crime Analysis Process

 
Types of Crime Analysis

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 5: Crime Analysis Data and Technology
Key Terms

 
Databases Used in Crime Analysis

 
Primary Data Collection

 
Data Considerations

 
Hardware and Software Considerations

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 6: Geographic Data and Crime Mapping
Geographic Data

 
Crime Mapping Techniques

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 7: Crime Analysis Purpose and Audience
Crime Analysis Purpose

 
Crime Analysis Audiences

 
Crime Analysis Typology

 
Situational Awareness Examples

 
Crime Reduction Examples

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
PART III: TACTICAL CRIME ANALYSIS
 
Chapter 8: Repeat Incidents and Tactical Data Collection
Repeat Incidents

 
Collection and Collation of Tactical Crime Analysis Data

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 9: Pattern Identification Process
Pattern Identification Methodology

 
Identifying Investigative Leads

 
Clearing Cases

 
Conclusion

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 10: Identifying Meaningful and Useful Patterns
Persons Crime and Property Crime

 
Potential Responses to Patterns by Police

 
Identifying Meaningful Patterns

 
Conclusion

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 11: Describing and Disseminating Known Patterns
Describing Known Patterns

 
Pattern Bulletins

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
PART IV: STRATEGIC CRIME ANALYSIS
 
Chapter 12: Analyzing Problems, Process and Statistics
Methodology: SARA Process

 
Basic Statistics Used in Crime Analysis

 
Conclusion

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 13: Analyzing Problems, Application of Techniques, Part I
What Is the Nature of the Problem?

 
How Frequently Is the Problem Occurring?

 
Has the Problem Increased or Decreased?

 
When Is the Problem Happening?

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 14: Analyzing Problems, Application of Techniques, Part II
Where Is the Problem Occurring?

 
Who Are the Victims and Does Repeat Victimization Exist?

 
Who Are the Offenders and Does Repeat Offending Exist?

 
Why Is the Problem Occurring?

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Chapter 15: Strategic Crime Analysis Results and Dissemination
Choosing Analysis Information to Disseminate

 
Strategic Crime Analysis Products

 
Practical Examples

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
PART V: ADMINISTRATIVE CRIME ANALYSIS
 
Chapter 16: Administrative Crime Analysis: Crime Analysis for Accountability
Crime Reduction Accountability

 
Crime Reduction Goal Development

 
Crime Analysis for Weekly Action-Oriented Accountability Meetings

 
Crime Analysis for Monthly Evaluation-Oriented Accountability Meetings

 
Crime Analysis for Assessment of Agency Goals

 
Summary Points

 
Exercises

 
 
Glossary
 
References
 
Index

Supplements

Instructor Teaching Site
SAGE offers an exceptionally robust set of offerings for both student and instructor resources, all accessible from each title’s companion website. The Student Study Site is completely open access, making it as easy as possible for your students to use. The Instructor Teaching Site is verified and password-protected, offering you both peace of mind and a wealth of support for your courses.

Calling all instructors!
It’s easy to log on to SAGE’s password-protected Instructor Teaching Site for complete and protected access to all text-specific Instructor Resources. Simply provide your institutional information for verification and within 72 hours you’ll be able to use your login information for any SAGE title! 

Password-protected 
Instructor Resources include the following:
  • Microsoft® Word® test bank is available, containing multiple choice, true/false, short answer, and essay questions for each chapter. The test bank provides you with a diverse range of pre-written options as well as the opportunity for editing any question and/or inserting your own personalized questions to effectively assess students’ progress and understanding.
  • Editable, chapter-specific PowerPoint® slides offer you complete flexibility in easily creating a multimedia presentation for your course. Highlight essential content and features.
  • Chapter notes that come right from the book and complement the PowerPoint® slides, which may be provided to students as study notes.
  • Lively and stimulating class assignments to reinforce active learning. The assignments apply to individual or group projects.
  • Tables and figures from the printed book available in an easily-downloaded format for use in papers, hand-outs, and presentations.
  • Selected crime analysis literature for greater class preparation and to foster more discussion and critical thinking
  • EXCLUSIVE! Access to certain full-text SAGE journal articles that have been carefully selected for each chapter. Each article supports and expands on the concepts presented in the chapter. This feature also provides questions to focus and guide student interpretation. Combine cutting-edge academic journal scholarship with the topics in your course for a robust classroom experience.
  • Web resources direct both instructors and students to useful and current web sites.
  • Web exercises guide creative activities to extend and reinforce learning or allow for further research on important chapter topics. 
  • Police reports are provided for reference while completing the web exercises.
  • Crime Analysis Product Bank features a collection of crime analysis products provided by a number of crime analysts from police agencies across the United States.
Student Study Site
Use the Student Study Site to get the most out of your course!
Our Student Study Site is completely open-access and offers a wide range of additional features.

  • EXCLUSIVE! Access to certain full-text SAGE journal articles that have been carefully selected for each chapter. Each article supports and expands on the concepts presented in the chapter. This feature also provides questions to focus and guide student interpretation. Combine cutting-edge academic journal scholarship with the topics in your course for a robust classroom experience.
  • Web resources direct both instructors and students to useful and current web sites.
  • Web exercises guide creative activities to extend and reinforce learning or allow for further research on important chapter topics. 
  • Police reports are provided for reference while completing the web exercises.
  • Crime Analysis Product Bank features a collection of crime analysis products provided by a number of crime analysts from police agencies across the United States.

“This is an easy to read and comprehensive text, designed to provide an understanding of crime analysis and the techniques employed today by the criminal justice system. All Criminal justice can benefit from the Administrative Analysis as well.  Emphasis has been presented to understand the importance of proactively using the data generated to prevent future occurrences as well as providing information for tactical deployment and administrative interpretation of data. The text makes you a believer in crime analysis”

Charles J. Kocher
Cumberland County College

“Good balance of context, theory, and practice.”

Jonathan Allen Kringen
University of New Haven

“Good companion study site, with useful material included such as quizzes and PPT chapter summaries, as well as the link the ATAC software.”

Dr. Stephanie Bennett
University of Portsmouth, UK

Sample Materials & Chapters

Chapter 10

Chapter 16


Rachel Boba Santos

Rachel Boba Santos is a professor at Radford University in the Department of Criminal Justice. She works with police departments and crime analysts. She conducts experimental and applied research on place-based and offender-based police crime reduction strategies, stratified policing, crime analysis, community engagement, and police use of force.Dr. Santos' interests include conducting practice-based research which is implementing and evaluating evidence-based practices in the “real world” of criminal justice. In particular, she seeks to improve crime prevention and crime reduction efforts by police in areas such as crime analysis, problem... More About Author

For instructors

Also available as a South Asia Edition.